HAV ( IGM )

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a widespread global concern, particularly prevalent in regions with suboptimal hygiene and socioeconomic conditions. The virus primarily spreads through the fecal-oral route, facilitated by close person-to-person contact and food or waterborne transmission. Outbreaks commonly erupt in crowded environments such as prisons, healthcare facilities, and daycare centers. Although there’s a rare chance of transmission through parenteral routes, like exposure to blood, this occurs infrequently due to the brief viremic period in infected individuals (typically