Anti-HBc antibodies, both IgG and IgM, are the body’s initial response to a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, targeting the virus core. These antibodies appear shortly after symptoms start and the detection of the virus surface antigen (HBsAg). IgM is replaced by IgG over time. A negative result may suggest no recent or past HBV infection (when HBsAg and anti-HBs are negative), while a positive result could indicate immunity or recovery. Combining results with other markers helps interpret the infection’s status or vaccination history.
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